It often happens that the processor starts to get very hot during work. Many simply do not pay attention to this. But because of overheating, at best, the computer will begin to seriously brake. In the worst case, a person will have to buy a new one. The fact that the computer is unstable due to overheating is a proven fact. The level of processor performance is significantly reduced, which means that the system does not allow the temperature to rise further. Unlike laptops, a typical computer can have two, or even three cooling coolers. At the laptop, only one. And coolers cool not only the processor, but also the video card.
But at the laptop, the cooler is much smaller, and if it has a powerful processor on it, overheating will lead to a breakdown. The same is with a conventional computer. But on it there are coolers much more than a laptop. How do you know if the processor starts to overheat?
The main signs of processor overheating. The main sign that the processor is warming up is the unusual sound of the fan. As soon as such a sound appears, you must immediately disassemble the computer and pay attention to the fan. Also worth checking is its backlash. If the fan is loose, it must be replaced. Also, overheating of the processor can cause the blue screen of death. And it can appear both when you turn on the computer, and during the work. But<<синий экран смерти>\u003e, calls not only the processor. Therefore, this sign is not the main one. The next sign is a frequent reboot of the computer.
In some cases, the computer turns off all the time. Why the reboot occurs. If the processor fails, operating system tries to fix it by rebooting. If the processor is to blame for the failure, the reboot occurs continuously. The main signs of the malfunction include temperature increase when opening any programs. But the most common symptom is the processor malfunction due to poor cooling. And it's not only the fan that is to blame. It can be healthy, but the processor heats. In this case, it is necessary to check the cooling system for clogs. Different garbage can be present in the system. The last sign is that the overheating is due to the drying of the thermal paste. It happens that the processor is so hot, a hundred is literally soldered to the radiator. In this case, without damaging the processor, the radiator can not be removed.
In order to prevent the processor from overheating, it is necessary to constantly check the temperature. There are many programs that will show its temperature. In some cases, it is difficult to determine the cause of overheating. It happens that any game is started, and the CPU temperature soars up to the very top. And this is with serviceable fans, and there is no dust in the radiator. Yes, and the parameters of the video card and processor allow you to run it. And the temperature rises rapidly. In this case, the heat of the video card or processor rises. This requires the presence of a heat sink. You can make some kind of heat sink. Or forget about the game. And in order not to buy a new processor, you need to look at the condition of the fans and radiators in time.
How can I tell if the processor is burnt out?
Answer wizard:
In any even the most modern personal computer literally every element is out of order. Reasons can be different: voltage jumps, poor workmanship, etc. Some of the elements can be repaired, some can not. The main thing is to find out which of the parts failed and in time to perform its replacement for the normal operation of the computer.
Turn on your computer. If there is a malfunction, the BIOS speaker emits certain sounds. This is the first sign. Review the instruction manual for BIOS signals. It will help to determine what the fault is. It is possible that the processor burned, although, usually, such a problem is rarely accompanied by such alerts. If you start the computer, all the coolers are spinning, and the monitor does not turn on, then do not rush to determine the weak link of the video card. If it fails, BIOS will definitely let you know about it.
Disconnect power from your PC. Open the system unit. To do this, unscrew the fixing screws from the side panel and slide it in the direction of the back side of the system unit. Remove the screws securing the cooler to the radiator. And then remove the radiator.
To do this, open a special latch. All this is necessary to convince the breakdown of the processor. After removing the radiator, and if you confirm that the processor actually burned, you can feel the characteristic smell, which can not be confused with any other.
Also, check the surface of the system board around the socket for blackening. Try to apply thermal paste to the processor. Do it gently with a thin layer. Then, assemble the system unit and try again to turn on the computer. In the event that the monitor still did not light up, the processor most likely really burned out.
Try to connect your processor to another PC. But remember, if your processor is actually faulty, there is a risk that it will burn motherboard. To avoid this, do not leave the computer switched on for a long time. Before switching on another computer with your processor installed, apply a small layer of thermal paste to it and the radiator.
Turn on the computer. If the monitor shows a picture, then all the systems work fine and your processor is OK. Otherwise, we can conclude that the processor is still burned and you will have to replace it.
It often happens that the processor starts to get very hot during work. Many simply do not pay attention to this. But because of overheating, at best, the computer will begin to seriously brake. In the worst case, a person will have to buy a new one. The fact that the computer is unstable due to overheating is a proven fact. The level of processor performance is significantly reduced, which means that the system does not allow the temperature to rise further. Unlike laptops, a typical computer can have two, or even three cooling coolers. At the laptop, only one. And coolers cool not only the processor, but also the video card.
But at the laptop, the cooler is much smaller, and if it has a powerful processor on it, overheating will lead to a breakdown. The same is with a conventional computer. But on it there are coolers much more than a laptop. How do you know if the processor starts to overheat?
The main signs of processor overheating. The main sign that the processor is warming up is the unusual sound of the fan. As soon as such a sound appears, you must immediately disassemble the computer and pay attention to the fan. Also worth checking is its backlash. If the fan is loose, it must be replaced. Also, overheating of the processor can cause the appearance of a blue screen of death. And it can appear both when you turn on the computer, and during the work. But<<синий экран смерти>\u003e, calls not only the processor. Therefore, this sign is not the main one. The next sign is a frequent reboot of the computer.
In some cases, the computer turns off all the time. Why the reboot occurs. If a processor crashes, the operating system tries to fix it by rebooting. If the processor is to blame for the failure, the reboot occurs continuously. The main signs of the malfunction include temperature increase when opening any programs. But the most common symptom is the processor malfunction due to poor cooling. And it's not only the fan that is to blame. It can be healthy, but the processor heats. In this case, it is necessary to check the cooling system for clogs. Different garbage can be present in the system. The last sign is that the overheating is due to the drying of the thermal paste. It happens that the processor is so hot, a hundred is literally soldered to the radiator. In this case, without damaging the processor, the radiator can not be removed.
In order to prevent the processor from overheating, it is necessary to constantly check the temperature. There are many programs that will show its temperature. In some cases, it is difficult to determine the cause of overheating. It happens that any game is started, and the CPU temperature soars up to the very top. And this is with serviceable fans, and there is no dust in the radiator. Yes, and the parameters of the video card and processor allow you to run it. And the temperature rises rapidly. In this case, the heat of the video card or processor rises. This requires the presence of a heat sink. You can make some kind of heat sink. Or forget about the game. And in order not to buy a new processor, you need to look at the condition of the fans and radiators in time.
Comments
Troubleshooting the processor. General symptoms computer faults
Troubleshooting the CPU
The term "diagnosis of microprocessor malfunctions" is not erroneous, as it may seem. The first microprocessors, such as the 8088, contained only 28,000 transistors. When one of these transistors went out of order, the entire system went out of order-it was hanging or falling apart. In the future, the computer could stop working at the stage of system boot. Over the past 20 years, computers have become increasingly complex and a new generation of microprocessors, such as the Pentium 4, already contains more than 40 million transistors. With such a huge number of transistors, the failure of one of them is already less likely to entail catastrophic consequences for the entire system. Of course, any malfunctioning of the CPU is a serious matter, but the system can boot and run, and fail only when certain specific functions are performed (for example, when trying to execute protected-mode commands). Such symptoms can also be the result of software errors or the malfunctioning of one or more expansion devices. This part of the chapter discusses issues related to malfunctions of the central microprocessor.
Temperature control
Overheating of the processor is the main enemy of the processor (even with its normal operation), so the main task is to maintain the temperature regime. Some recommendations are given below:
■ Use a heatsink / fan system that provides cooling for your microprocessor.
■ Use a thin layer of heat-conducting paste to improve heat transfer between the processor body and the radiator.
■ Use a cooling device on Peltier elements or similar devices to cool a high-temperature processor.
■ Choose fans with ball bearings with extended life.
■ Remove the cables from the cooling air circulation area (near the CPU). Eliminate all obstacles to free passage of air near the processor.
■ Ensure that there is a reliable contact between the central microprocessor housing and the cooling system radiator (use a special paste if necessary). If this contact can not be achieved, replace the cooling system.
■ Use a cooling system with automatic warning of a fan failure or overheating of the processor.
■ To dissipate additional heat after overclocking the processor, use a larger-sized cooling system, an active cooling device on Peltier elements, or another effective cooling device.
■ At least once a year, clean the fan blade, its mounting system, the ventilation opening of the power supply of the system unit from dust and dirt. In this case, a compressed air balloon or a cleaning nozzle of a vacuum cleaner is good.
■ Increase the air circulation inside and outside the chassis using the optional fan.
General symptoms
When there are problems when starting or running the computer, the following options are possible.
Symptom 5.1. The system does not work at all (the power light is on normally)
The malfunction of the central microprocessor is always insidious. If it speaks for itself, then the computer will not work. Therefore, if the computer does not become infested (or freezes without warning during the process of zafuzki), it's time to suspect a malfunction of the CPU. A typical symptom in this case is that POST diagnostics do not work, and any diagnostic programs in DOS mode are not infected.
Before changing the central microprocessor, check the output voltage of the power supply with a universal meter. Even in the event of a power indicator burning, one or more output voltages may have a low level or be absent. Underestimated power levels can easily lead to logical errors that "hang" the system. If the problem occurs after replacing or installing new equipment, the power source may be overfeeded - try to restore the original configuration. If the computer works, then try to put another power source (more powerful). If the voltage is low or absent, and no hardware changes have been made (or if the situation has not changed after restoring the changes), replace the power supply.
The next thing you can do is turn off all peripherals and start the computer after that. If the computer started working, one of the disconnected devices could interrupt the system. In turn, connect each device and check the operation of the computer. The last device, after connecting which the computer stopped working, is guilty. Replace this device. If the problem persists, replace the CPU. Do not forget to turn off the computer and disconnect the power cord of the system unit. When removing the processor, be careful not to bend its conclusions (you may need to re-install it). Also, be careful when installing a new processor. A curved pin almost always means a broken chip. If the situation has not changed after installing a new microprocessor, replace the system board.
Symptom 5.2. The sound code or error code of the POST procedure indicates a possible malfunction of the CPU
The system in this case almost always will not boot. When you start the POST procedure, all key components of the motherboard (including the CPU) are tested. If the POST routine signals a processor failure (usually by issuing a single-byte error code at address 80h, which can be read using the POST diagnostic card), check each output voltage of the computer's power supply. If one or more voltages are underestimated or missing, the cause of the problem may be the power source. Try to replace it. If all voltage levels produced by the power supply are normal, then replace the CPU. If this does not work, replace the system board.
Symptom 5.3. The system boots normally, but crashes or crashes when executing a specific program
You can suspect an error in this program. But try running a diagnostic program such as AMIDAG from AMI or Troubleshooter from AHMicro. Run duplicate CPU tests. The processor can operate normally in real mode, but diagnostic tests can detect an error when executing protected-mode commands and perform register check. The program AMIDIAG stands out among others in that it not only produces specific error codes, but also, if there is an error, suggests its possible cause. When an error code is generated that assumes a processor failure, try replacing it. If the processor test passes, check the other components of the system board. If all tests are successful, then you can suspect an error in the application program.
Symptom 5.4. The system boots normally, but crashes or hangs after a few minutes of work
This happens regardless of the application that is running. Diagnostic tests do not detect processor errors. If the computer is turned off, wait a few minutes, then turn it back on, it will work for a while, then stop again. This is a typical situation of microprocessor overheating. Check the CPU temperature after the computer stops working. At the same time, one must be extremely careful not to get burned. The processor may not have a cooling radiator installed, or the cooling system may be turned off or malfunctioning. As a rule, all processors, starting from 486, have a radiator and a cooling fan. If the fan fails, replace it.
Make sure that the cooling system is working properly, and the airflow to the area of the CPU is not blocked. If this does not help, consider using a more suitable cooling system. If the processor is already equipped with a heatsink, make sure there is a layer of heat-conducting paste between the processor body and the radiator. In many cases this paste is absent, which prevents efficient removal of heat from the processor, and it overheats. If there is no such layer, allow the processor to cool down and apply a heat-conducting paste between the processor housing and the radiator.
Symptom 5.5. The system BIOS incorrectly identifies the processor
This often happens after the processor is replaced, and the cause is related to the BIOS. Most versions of the BIOS interrogate the central microprocessor with the CPUID command, then it recognizes the processor, viewing the table contained in the BIOS. If the table does not contain an entry for this processor, it is not recognized (or identified incorrectly). The general rule for getting out of this situation is updating the system BIOS version or replacing the motherboard with a new one.
Symptom 5.6. The old computer model refuses to work if the internal cache (L1) of the central processor is enabled
This can happen with older processor models (for example, AMD 486) and almost always the situation is related to the configuration. The processor can give an error if it works on an incorrect bus frequency (for example, increased). Therefore, it is necessary to check and set the correct FSB bus frequency for this processor. The same can happen if the processor is powered by the wrong voltage. Check the voltage level of the processor and, if necessary, correct it with the settings of the motherboard. Finally, the motherboard must be compatible with the cache type of the first level of the central microprocessor. For example, installing a central microprocessor with a write-back cache on a motherboard that does not support write-back cache can cause an error in the processor.
Symptom 5.7. The central microprocessor with a power supply of 3.45 V does not work on a motherboard with a 5 V power supply, although the power regulator module
Double check the voltage regulator module (VRM). It must provide the required power level for the central microprocessor. Otherwise, it can overload and not give out the desired level of supply voltage. Check the compliance of the voltage regulator module with the recommendations of the processor manufacturer. You can also test the processor along with the VRM on another 5-volt motherboard-it's possible that this module gives out a low voltage or is defective. If this combination works on another motherboard, then it's possible that the system BIOS does not support the specific requirements of this processor. Contact the motherboard manufacturer for a new BIOS version for this system.
Symptom 5.8. After installing a new processor, the system does not work correctly under HIMEM.SYS or DOS4GW.EXE
This symptom is often observed when installing processors of older models, and the cause may be an improper installation on the motherboard of the processor power voltage or its type. The same can be observed if the processor with a power of 3.45 V is powered by a voltage of 5 V or vice versa - a processor that does not support a reduced power supply (SL-modification), is powered by a lower voltage. Therefore, you need to make sure that the processor voltage is correctly set (use the power regulator module if necessary) and the correct mode of operation is set.
Symptom 5.9. The speed of the Pentium 4 or Athlon processor is determined incorrectly
Mail in all cases is due to incorrect configuration of the system bus frequency (FSB). The Pentium 4 processor uses QPB (Quad Pumped Bus), which operates at a fourfold frequency of the system clock, and the Athlon processor for the system bus uses twice the frequency. Verify that the system bus frequency setting is correct (using the CMOS Setup program or jumpers on the system board). If the system bus is OK, you may need to update the BIOS version you are using.
Symptom 5.10. Cache memory of the second level does not work after installing the Pentium OverDrive processor
Installing the OverDrive processor sometimes results in disabling the operation of the L2 cache (external cache). This is due to the BIOS version, which does not support the OverDrive processor. To correct the situation, you need to update the BIOS version. In some cases, it is possible to install the corrective driver, which is specified in CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT (for DOS), and re-enables the operation of the L2 cache after the system is booted.
Symptom 5.11. Some programs hang when running on a computer with 5x86 processors
This often happens with various programs, for example, with a package of 3D Studio company AutoDesk. Many programs use software time delays. Processors 5x86 perform delay cycles faster than previous x86-processor models, which sometimes leads to overflow of counters and to software errors. In most cases, software vendors offer software patches for such cases. For 3D Studio, you can download the FSTCPUFX.EXE file from Kinetix (www.twinhead.com/drivers/P66/ FSTCPUFX.EXE). Run this program and follow the instructions. This program corrects the executable file of the program 3D Studio.
Another example of the problems associated with the software are Clipper applications. Clipper inserts time delay cycles into application programs during the compilation period, and this also affects the time-dependent code of the programs. For the Clipper software package, you can download the PIPELOOP.EXE file (ftp://np.wiznet.ru/drivers/ CPU / pipeloop.exe) and place it in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
Short description
When one of these transistors went out of order, the entire system went out of order-it was hanging or falling apart. In the future, the computer could stop working at the stage of system boot. Over the past 20 years, computers have become increasingly complex and a new generation of microprocessors, such as the Pentium 4, already contains more than 40 million transistors. With such a huge number of transistors, the failure of one of them is already less likely to entail catastrophic consequences for the entire system. Of course, any malfunctioning of the CPU is a serious matter, but the system can boot and run, and fail only when certain specific functions are performed (for example, when trying to execute protected-mode commands).
