Choose your first language before becoming a programmer. And do it wisely so as not to be left without work. However, in programming, there is no magic pill - a specific and unambiguous version; it all depends on the tasks that need to be solved. By the way, on the course "" we teach several popular directions at once.
And now we will tell you which programming language is in demand in different areas. The information was collected on the hh.ru job site.
Computer software and games
If you are interested in developing common computer programs, C # is worth a look. It is mainly used by Windows business application developers. There are about 4,000 vacancies in Russia for those who speak this language.
C # is similar to Java and C ++, but not as cumbersome, although it is also fast and powerful. It's easy enough to learn, making it a good option for beginners.
As for Android, here in the lead Java - about 7,200 vacancies in Russia. Basically, you can write in Java for everything, because this language is quite versatile, but it is most suitable for creating mobile applications.
Gaining momentum and language Kotlin... Many believe that he will soon replace Java, while others say it's just a trendy toy that will quickly be forgotten. Time will tell, but so far there are about 1,200 vacancies for him in Russia.
It is very rare for mobile devices to write in C #... And in Python, they mainly create the server side of the application or some separate scripts.
Web development
Web developers are perhaps the most sought after. And again division: some develop the server side (backend), others create a custom (frontend)... The server side of the site is responsible for processing requests, interacting with databases, storing files, ensuring security, and so on.
The most common language among backend developers PHP - about 79% of all sites on the Internet are written on it. In Russia there are about 5,000 vacancies for PHP-programmers. It is suitable for small sites that do not need to be maintained for a long time. If the project is seen as long-term, then it is better to choose Java - he is loved in the financial, banking and government spheres.
Therefore, in vacancies for Java developers there is a place for creators
web applications. And PHP specialists are needed precisely for creating websites. In some countries it was completely forgotten - for example, in Germany. Consider this if you want to get a job as a developer abroad.
Frontend - development of the visible part of the site (interface); backend - server side development (handler).
They work on the web with Python... But it's more difficult for a beginner to break through here, because mostly people with experience are needed.
If we talk about the visual part of the site, he is here at JavaScriptthere are no alternatives. It is a scripting language, reactions to user actions. JavaScript is the most demanded language on our list: there are about 10,000 vacancies for JS specialists in Russia.
Among web developers, there is no question of which language to choose to create an interface. Instead, they think about which framework to choose to work with. JavaScript - and there are a lot of them.
Artificial Intelligence and Analytics
Although the topic of AI seems to be something distant, people are doing it now, using Java, C ++, Rand Python... The latter is the most popular - about 6,300 vacancies in Russia.
The task of an AI developer is to write a program that processes information by following certain algorithms. Passing a large amount of data through itself, the program learns to perform some tasks.
For example, the application is given to analyze a huge number of portraits, and then asked to create its own version. By combining the faces seen, the AI \u200b\u200bgenerates new ones.
Check out an example at thispersondoesnotexist.com. There is another similar site, but it generates pictures of cats - thiscatdoesnotexist.com. People are clearly better at it.
Human portrait generated by neural network
How can a beginner choose a programming language for a future job? Estimate the level of salaries? Demand? Which is easier to learn? Or take a close look at the popularity trend lines?
In fact, you can spend a lot of time choosing the best programming language. But as soon as it comes to personal acquaintance, it becomes necessary to change the favorite. Today, your attention will be offered a choice that should appeal to the absolute majority of novice geeks - a combination of ease of learning and being in demand in the labor market. These two arguments are relatively easy to reliably verify, so the result will be close to objectivity.
Criteria
We will arrange in places based on the demand rating. We will take a number of foreign articles (,,) as a base, while we will confirm the Russian reality with the help of the aggregators hh.ru and trud.com. The statistics, of course, are up-to-date on the day of writing the text, and are unlikely to change much before publication.
What we will not take into account is the level of salaries and the self-sufficiency of the language, simply because of the relativity of these criteria.
Swift
Formally, Swift, of course, is not yet as in demand among employers as Objective-C, and it owes a lot to the common platform for getting into this rating. But it is absolutely impossible to ignore the perspective in this rating. Therefore, we recommend starting the study now. We invite you for a free two-hour.
Let's take a look at the numbers of Russian HR agencies - 471 vacancies in Russia and the near abroad on hh.ru and 410 on trud.com. Not bad for a three year old language. If you add Objective-C, you can safely multiply numbers by 3.
C / C ++
Calling C or C ++ easy to learn is not entirely correct, especially when compared to Python or Ruby. But in this case, it is worth talking about the huge amount of educational high-quality literature, about the fundamental nature and that useful residue that will remain in your head, even if you do not connect your future life with them.
But if you still like the languages, then as many as 2,325 vacancies only in Russia on hh.ru and 12,543 on trud.com. At the same time, it is important for you to understand that if, in the case of the Swift language, these were vacancies exclusively for developers, then with C ++ you may need the language not only in the usual IT field, but also as a CNC operator and an auto electrician.
JavaScript
Not only is JavaScript extremely in demand in the modern world due to the crazy development of Internet technologies, but also thanks to modules and libraries, its zone of influence began to spread to all other IT-spheres.
Add to that the fact that JavaScript is relatively easy to learn. Borrowing basic things from C and gradually evolving from a bonus element for HTML and CSS to an independent power, he got a digestible syntax and a logic of work that is very clear for a beginner.
And now to the demand: 6 365 vacancies only within Russia on hh.ru and 5 565 on trud.com. These are quite good numbers for those who are determined to find a job after graduation.
Python
When it comes to the combination of lightness and relevance arguments (in that order), most developers think of Python first. This is a time-tested language and millions of learners, it saves valuable time both at the stage of learning and application. At the same time, the number of IT areas where you could need Python is not limited by anything at all. Many thanks to the fans, enthusiasts and the Python Software Foundation.
It is important to note that the demand for Python specialists is much higher abroad than in Russia. However, it will not be difficult to find a job here either: 2,325 vacancies in the open access according to hh.ru and 2,537 - trud.com.
Java
Java is a great language in every way. This is confirmed by the statistics of TIOBE, the most popular OS in the world, and simply by the fact that it is a fairly simple language with a very powerful ecosystem.
In terms of Russian reality, the relevance of Java is 4,628 points according to hh.ru and 4,490 - trud.com. Yes, these are not impressive results against the background of some previous contenders, but, firstly, this is due to the specifics of our IT market, secondly, the upward trend is strictly positive, thirdly Java will still be simpler than C / C ++.
SQL
Surely not such a leader you wanted to see, but formally there is nothing to complain about here. It is very difficult for you to avoid using a database in modern realities, and no one has yet invented a tool that is more universal than SQL. It is this fact that allows this language to firmly sit in first place in almost all such ratings.
The language of domestic numbers here does not reflect real demand too vividly, but it will not cause doubts about the leadership of SQL in this rating. In fact, he scored 8,303 internal vacancies on hh.ru, and 8,933 on trud.com.
P.S.
Looking at the rating published at the very beginning, you probably have a reasonable question: "Where are Perl and C #?" The whole point is in the very projection onto Russian reality. For example, Perl has 581 job results for hh.ru and 577 for trud.com. This, of course, is better than Swift, but the apple language has an obvious perspective, and the demand for Perl in Russia is likely to only decline.
Regarding C #, the situation is better here: 906 vacancies on hh.ru and over 16 thousand on trud.com. However, the second number should not mislead you: among the vacancies, almost half of C / C ++ are developers with knowledge of C #, therefore, in terms of aggregate and fundamental importance, it was the first group of languages \u200b\u200bthat was included in the title, and the second is modestly mentioned at the end.
Any potential coder who already knows what a programming language is, sooner or later begins to ask the question: "What is the best way to write programs?" This problem is relevant for both beginners and experienced IT specialists, because with the development of information technology, the priorities of programmers also change. Many codes that were popular 10 years ago are hopelessly outdated today. Therefore, you need to choose the best programming language based not only on its current demand, but also on its future prospects.
The “Young Fighter Course” offered by the ProgStudy IT Academy will help you navigate the differences between different languages \u200b\u200band understand which direction will be the most interesting, promising and profitable for you.
First, let's figure out what a programming language is. It is a set of commands with which a person gives a computer a specific task. To date, more than 8 thousand sign systems have been invented to communicate with a PC. Many of them are known only to a narrow circle of developers, while others are used by programmers around the world. Good specialists can know more than 10 programming languages \u200b\u200band successfully use them to solve various problems.
The choice of programming language depends on the tasks that you are going to solve... For example, HTML and CSS are great for creating static web pages, while JavaScript is required to develop interactive resources. Creating full-fledged websites is impossible without learning PHP, Python or Ruby, and mobile applications are developed by coders who know Objective C (for iOS), as well as Java and C ++ (for Android).
Which language is the best?
The same problem can be solved with different tools. In one language, the program is the shortest, in the second it is readable, in the third it is fast and efficient.
Experienced coders make the choice of a programming language based on the following criteria:
- the estimated size of the code and its execution time;
- the speed of the program;
- the possibility of expanding functionality in the future;
- compatibility with the platforms on which the program will run;
- community support for the language.
The last factor is extremely important when writing any program. Even the most experienced coder in the process of work is faced with difficulties, which can be solved by breaking a mountain of literature or simply by asking a question on a thematic forum. It is much easier to learn a language that most colleagues know than to understand the intricacies of rare codes.
The lightest programming language
Many novice programmers choose a language for learning based on its simplicity. This greatly saves time and resources spent on study, and among employers, easy languages \u200b\u200bare sometimes in no less demand than complex ones. Having mastered simple codes, in the future it will be easier for you to understand the technical nuances of more advanced language constructions.
For the status " the lightest programming language»Today claim:
- PHP - compatible with all servers and platforms, supports many types of databases, has high performance and is used in 65% of the most popular sites;
- Python - an extremely simple and functional language that is offered today by almost any IT academy: it allows you to create software, games, websites, as well as work with graphics and databases;
- Javascript - Provides programmatic access to interactive applications of web pages, making sites more functional and brighter.
Ease of learning is a relative concept, so each coder must choose the easiest programming language for himself.
Highest paid programming language
According to the website rabota.yandex.ru, the level of salaries of Russian programmers in the most popular specialties is distributed as follows.
Coders who know the main types of programming languages \u200b\u200bthat are intended for developing mobile applications for iOS can count on a good salary: Objective-C and C ++ in Russia and Swift in the West. Traditionally, high salaries are given to specialists who customize 1C accounting for the needs of enterprises, Java programmers who develop applications for Android, as well as SQL experts working with databases.
The most popular programming language
The popularity of the chosen language among employers will allow you not only to quickly find a high-paying job, but also not to worry about your financial future for at least 5 years more. According to research by github.com, popularity of programming languages is distributed in the world as follows.
In Russia, the situation is somewhat different. The title "Most popular programming language" is shared by:
- Javascript is a scripting language built into all major browsers for creating multimedia effects, pop-ups, and even games;
- PHP - allows you to work with databases, as well as create complex content for web pages;
- 1C is the main programming tool when working with the 1C: Enterprise accounting program.
Types of programming languages
Successful selection of tools is the key to the success of any work... This is also true for coders: by choosing the right language for the task, a specialist can save a lot of work time and get an optimal result.
The classification of programming languages \u200b\u200bis rather complicated, and object-oriented directions are the most in demand today.
There is another classification that divides languages \u200b\u200binto groups, depending on:
- language level: low (Assembler), intermediate (C, C ++) and high (Haskell);
- type of processed information: computational (Haskell, Python) and symbolic (C, C ++, Perl);
- assignments: for administration (Perl), server (PHP), client (Javascript), declarative (HTML), universal (Algol, Fortran);
- language generations: machine (binary languages \u200b\u200bof IBM-PC and ARM processors), system (Assembler), high-level languages \u200b\u200b(BASIC, FORTRAN, PHP), visual (FoxPro) and intelligent (C ++).
The classification of programming languages \u200b\u200ballows you to understand their purpose and functionality, but does not help novice coders choose the best programming language for themselves. This can be done only in practice, by trying to work in different systems and choosing the area that is right for your goals, objectives and expectations. IT-academy ProgStudy provides such an opportunity to everyone.
After completing the "Young Fighter Course", you will be able to understand in what area you want to develop and finally decide on the choice of a programming language.
The number of vacancies in IT shows incredible dynamics. According to HeadHunter, from January to August last year, demand was rather negative. But, gradually increasing, IT vacancies by April 2016 amounted to 40% of the total for Moscow and more than 50% for St. Petersburg. Continuing the topic of the professions of the future, we discussed with experts how the IT sphere is developing and the requirements for specialists are changing.
Station wagons in the past
The idea of \u200b\u200ban IT specialist as an untidy sysadmin setting up computers in the office is far in the past. The market demands team players, top-tier automation and data security professionals, application developers and other code geniuses. According to HeadHunter's research, the top 5 promising and gaining popularity professions in IT are led in descending order by Big Data specialists, web analysts, mobile game developers, cloud solutions and infographic designers.
Market experts are confident that the future will be difficult for universal fighters. Employers need masters of their craft, endowed with deep knowledge in a narrow field.
There is a huge gap between the universal IT specialist from the past and the IT specialist in demand in the market today, Ilya Vislotsky, head of the client solutions architecture center at Stack Group, believes.
“Modern technologies have become so developed and complex that one person is no longer enough to master them, so there are professionals in certain IT areas. At the same time, an ordinary employee should understand IT no worse than that universal IT specialist from the past. Today everyone should be “a little bit of a programmer”, ”the expert emphasizes.
The demand for system administrators is not going anywhere, but people who dream of serious income, according to Andrey Tushev, Executive Director of FreshDoc.ru Document Designer, should pay attention to the web development industry. “It is in the web that there is a real hunger for personnel, this market is overheated, it is growing at a tremendous pace. As a result, there is a high demand for skilled workers, high wages and good prospects for professional growth, "the expert sums up.
Who is the market waiting for
Representatives of the IT sphere in the question of the professions of the future literally gush with ideas and remind that one should take a closer look at the list from the Atlas of New Professions - this is already the foreseeable future. IT ceases to be a closed self-contained system: harmonious merging with other areas is a question more than relevant today.
“We live in an era of convergence of everything and everyone: technologies, knowledge, different subject areas,” emphasizes Yuri Kim, director of the Center for Evaluation and Development of Project Management. “The most sought-after specialists are not just coders, system administrators, or other technical professionals. The top class is recognized as specialists who, in addition to the technical side of the issue, also know the substantive, meaningful. "
The top class is recognized as specialists who, in addition to the technical side of the issue, also know the substantive, meaningful.
According to Yuri, these are people who understand not only how to create a program, set up a system, but also the conditions in which the product will be used: who is the client, why he came, what he wants. The ability to take this into account at every step, to promptly change the product or the result of work for the customer's tasks - this is what is expected from highly qualified specialists.
If we consider the issue more substantively, then Deputy Director for Science and Development of IVK Valery Andreev proposes to pay attention to the market's need for programmers who have the ability and desire to create products that act as an alternative to the existing ones. “Specialists who understand network services and work with network equipment are in demand. There is a steady demand for information security specialists. It became more difficult for vendors to work, but it is assumed that this is temporary. But for developers, now is the time, and in a broad sense. Modern universities do not produce such people, they take a long time to educate and are expensive, ”the expert says.
Experian Marketing Director (Russia and CIS) Natalia Frolova, based on research conducted by her company in 2015, notes the formation of a new profession, due to the growing volume of accumulated data. “Until recently, the main job of centralizing data management strategy fell on the shoulders of the CIO. However, companies are already starting to introduce a new position - data director. It’s not so much about a specialist with a “different profile”, but about a huge new front for an IT specialist. "
Development helps to check how correctly a person has chosen the field in IT, whether he really likes it.
But there is no better way to get acquainted with the IT sphere than development, I am sure Pavel Rytsev, IT Director of the IT Outsourcing Department, Head of the Import Substitution Competence Center and Open Source of ALP Group. “You can try yourself in the development of a mobile or web application, or you can take part in the finalization of an OpenSource solution, at the same time mastering the skills of joint solution of complex problems in a team. Development helps to check how correctly a person has chosen the field in IT, whether he really likes it. "
There is enough space in the sun for everyone
To get into IT, there is no need to become a software developer or an information security specialist. In this matter, the experts are more than cordial - there are enough interesting tasks for everyone.
IT work has ceased to be a place of employment only for representatives of technical specialties, confirms the commercial director of Ringostat Konstantin Chervyakov. “More and more startups, SaaS services, product technology companies are appearing in Russia that need sales managers, customer service specialists, designers, content marketers, etc.
that is, the IT sector now fully employs a large number of people of a wide variety of professions. "
Working in IT has ceased to be a place of employment only for representatives of technical specialties.
And then there will still be. One way or another, all high technologies are used in the consumer segment, and this again expands the boundaries of the profession and the sphere as a whole.
“Marketers will come up with new concepts like Big Data, cloud services, Internet of Things and others. This leads to the emergence of new segments, technologies, solutions that will need to be "serviced" (in the broad sense of the word), and which will require resources, "says Timur Vekilov.
My world is my rules
The conflict from the "expectation-reality" area in the process of recruiting employees in technology companies, as expected, is escalating.
This is partly why, according to Timur Vekilov, talented guys are selected in advance.
Published the next rating of the most popular programming languages \u200b\u200bfor March 2018
“These are physics and mathematics classes, specialized schools at physical, technical and technical universities, preparatory courses, optional studios. There are also “interest clubs” in higher educational institutions, where promising students are patronized by large players of the IT market and invited to practice. "
The market responds adequately to the growing popularity of the IT sphere among women. If earlier it was something unusual to meet a female programmer or a tester, now the ratio of specialists in many startups reaches 50/50, ”notes Dmitry Grigoriev.
Like it won't be before
Each of the experts confirmed the departure from the universal model of industry development. The only thing that many warn against is not to chop off the shoulder.
Pavel Rytsev categorically does not recommend going into IT just because it is correct, promising, there is more money, etc. “IT is a constant readiness to solve a large number of both typical and extremely non-standard tasks. It is a constant search for a delicate balance between the needs of the client and the resource costs of the company for their provision. The choice must be made very carefully and must be checked by practice, ”concludes Pavel.
Materials
Most popular programming languages \u200b\u200bin 2016
The Coding Dojo School of Programming analyzed advertisements on the world's largest job aggregator indeed.com, ranking the top of the most in-demand programming languages \u200b\u200bin the world in 2016.
At the top of the list is SQL, the "structured query language" used to create, modify and manipulate data in an arbitrary relational database managed by the corresponding DBMS. Database technologies (MySQL, PostgreSQL and Microsoft SQL Server) are used by both international corporations and small businesses and government agencies. In fact, almost every computer and person with access to technology eventually comes into contact with SQL. For example, all Android smartphones and iPhones have access to the SQLite database, and many of the most popular mobile apps developed by Google, Skype, or Dropbox use it.
The global technology community recently celebrated the 20th anniversary of the object-oriented programming language Java.
Most popular coding languages \u200b\u200b2018
It is one of the most widely spoken languages, used by 9 million developers and 7 billion devices.
With Java and the frameworks based on it, developers can create scalable web applications for a wide range of users. Java is also the primary language used to develop native Android applications for smartphones and tablets.
The popularity of Java among developers is due to the simplicity and reliability of the language, which ensures long-term compatibility of products written in it. In the coming years, you shouldn't expect the end of the Java era, on which the websites of IT giants LinkedIn.com, Netflix.com and Amazon.com are built.
3. JavaScript
Almost any modern site uses elements of JavaScript - this prototype-oriented scripting language. It is most widely used in browsers as a scripting language to add interactivity to web pages, as well as when building user interfaces with one of a dozen popular JavaScript frameworks. For example, in recent years JavaScript has gained widespread use as the basis for Node.js, a server-side technology that, among other things, makes real-time communication possible.
C # is a relatively new object-oriented programming language that dates back to 2000 and is the main language for development on Microsoft platforms and services. Whether it is developing modern web applications using Azure and .NET, applications for Windows "devices" or powerful desktop applications for business. C #, the evolution of the predecessors of C and C ++, is the fastest way to use everything Microsoft has to offer. It is also one of the main languages \u200b\u200bfor developing games on the Unity engine.
5. Python
Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language focused on improving developer productivity and code readability. Web applications, user interfaces, data analysis, statistics - whatever task you have to find a solution for, Python is likely to have a suitable framework.
It is a great language choice for both novice and experienced programmers. Python recently supplanted Java as the primary primary programming language for initiating students into the world of computer science. For example, 8 out of 10 computer science departments in the United States and 27 out of 39 top universities use Python to teach programming to students.
Academic popularity has made Python increasingly used as the primary tool for processing gigantic amounts of data in virtually every industry in recent years.
NASA and Reddit are written in Python.
The heir to ancient C, C ++ is the ideal choice for developing powerful desktop software, hardware accelerated games, and memory-intensive PC, console and mobile applications. C ++ creator Björn Stroustrup has been keeping track of applications written in this language since 1983. Among them are Adobe and Microsoft applications, MongoDB databases, a significant part of Mac OS / X.
The brainchild of Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf, PHP was created as a set of tools needed to save a creator's Personal Home Page. Today PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that, along with databases (for example, MySQL), is heavily used for developing web applications.
Most of the sites focused on large amounts of data are developed in PHP. It is also the foundational technology of powerful content management systems like WordPress.
8. Ruby on Rails
Ruby is an open source, dynamic programming language with an emphasis on simplicity and productivity. Its main field of application is web application development. Ruby on Rails is a Ruby framework that integrates web applications with a web server and a database server.
Among the pluses that make Ruby on Rails popular among small startups and global corporations is the speed of development (code size and a wide selection of third-party libraries).
Ruby on Rails has been used to create popular sites such as Twitter, SoundCloud, Airbnb, Basecamp, GitHub, Hulu.
9. Swift
In the summer of 2014, at the WWDC conference, Apple introduced its own programming language Swift as a replacement for the long-standing Objective C. Swift earns points from developers for its security (it is difficult to inadvertently introduce critical bugs in it) and modernity. Another key factor is the "expressiveness" of the language, where Swift requires far fewer lines of code to get the same result than Objective-C.
Analysts predict the progressive growth of Swift in the coming years. This technology is now used by LinkedIn, Lyft, Vimeo, Pixelmator and other companies. It is even rumored that Google is considering switching from Java to Apple's programming language when developing applications for Android.
This variety of high-level programming languages \u200b\u200bis relatively new. Back in the fifties of the twentieth century, machine code (a set of ones and zeros) was used directly to program computers. The key disadvantage of this approach to programming was the difference in the coding of different computers, which made it necessary to re-write the same program for computers from another manufacturer.
The next level of programming development was the emergence of assembly languages, where mnemonic expressions began to be used instead of machine code.
The most popular programming languages \u200b\u200b2018 in the world
The code written in assembler was translated into machine code by a special program, also called an assembler. Macros were not executed in early assembly languages. And the written programs still ran on computers from the same manufacturer.
The emergence of high-level programming languages \u200b\u200bhas radically changed the situation. The use of a translator that translates the source code written by a programmer into a set of characters accessible to the understanding of a processor of a particular type of computer made it possible to use the same program on different types of computers.
Modern programming languages \u200b\u200bare very different from those used by the programmers of the fifties. All these years, the development and improvement of programming principles was considered a priority area of \u200b\u200bwork for many companies.
Therefore, the ideas that arose in the 50s, supplemented and developed in the 60s and 90s of the last century, in our time have been embodied in beautifully implemented high-level programming languages.
Vivid competition in the information technology market allows only the most productive and user-friendly languages \u200b\u200bto stay in trend.
In the twenty-first century, programming is needed everywhere: from setting up a coffee maker to modeling the most complex rocket blocks. And modern programming languages \u200b\u200ballow you to cope with all the tasks.
Which programming language to choose for learning?
The idea that a good programmer should know several programming languages, and, if necessary, quickly learn other languages, has not been voiced for the first time. Having understood the principles of, say, object-oriented programming, you can really quickly master several programming languages. But where do you start?
Front-end development
This is one of the simplest solutions. The number of vacancies for qualified front-end developers traditionally exceeds the number of applicants. In addition, JavaScript, which must be mastered by front-end developers, is much easier to learn than most programming languages.
The popularity of the programming language
By the number of open vacancies, the most popular languages \u200b\u200bare Java and C (in different variations). Traditionally, it is recommended to start training with C. Since learning this language gives you an understanding of the syntax and semantics of all languages \u200b\u200bof the C group. Having studied the basics of C, it is quite easy to switch to C # C ++ or Java.
Aim into the future
Here analysts' opinions differ. Many studies suggest that the future belongs to machine learning, Python and its derivatives. Others talk about the advantages of languages \u200b\u200bfor web development, in which caching and compiling plugins ahead of time leads to a significant decrease in program response time (PHP). Still others insist that Java and its derivatives will remain the most popular language for a long time to come.
One thing is obvious - in our age of smart things and interactive entertainment, programmers who master any programming language will always be in value.
Learn, improve, become high-class professionals! Know that your knowledge and skills will always be worthily appreciated.
The most widely used programming language in the world
Computer technology elevates scientific and technological progress, continues to evolve, and offers modern programmers improved ways of working with databases. The most common programming language - SQL, allows you to find the required information without much time.
By studying common programming languages, it becomes apparent that PHP and SQL are the leaders in the race. In the first case, open source code allows you to use the HTML scripting language, which is especially relevant for web development. As for SQL, this programming language allows you to quickly work with any size of the database.
General information about the programming language
For the first time they started talking about this programming language back in 1970, but at that time it was only a component of the DBMS. For 14 years of practice, the SQL programming language has been defined in a separate category, has expanded its capabilities. Working with countless storage media, working with SQL provides convenient formatting of tables, control and editing of records as part of the study of the database.
Over time, the capabilities of this information-logical language only expanded, and the acquisition of new properties allowed SQL to become an independent unit of computer technology. At universities, students study this programming language, create trial databases. In fact, it is a collection of computational functions, instructions, operators. The study of DBMS became part of the university program, therefore, students of higher educational institutions had to face the possibilities of SQL in practice.
Key features
The basis of SQL is queries, which in every line of the programming language are directed to the database. In turn, this is necessary for changing its parameters, requesting valuable information, making adjustments to already existing "repositories". To understand how this programming language works, you need to pay attention to the following types of queries against the database. It:
- a request to receive the required information package;
- request for making adjustments to an already existing database;
- request to delete information;
- requests to add new information to already recorded data;
- access to the DBMS.
Rating of programming languages
Since all the information in this programming language is contained in tables, it is the table values \u200b\u200bthat are adjusted. Thus, with knowledge of SQL, it is possible to correct the work of not only the tables as a whole, but also its individual segments - rows or columns. When storing a large amount of information, this is very convenient, since access is available on an ongoing basis when the required queries are entered.
In one line, you can write from one to three operations (queries), which greatly facilitates the user's work with a particular database.
It only remains to add that in the world of fierce competition, the most common programming languages \u200b\u200bhave not lost their powerful positions, they are still actively studied by programmers. When working with databases, SQL is an integral part of the successful introduction, correction or deletion of information.
The annual TIOBE Index for January 2018 was released, which identified the most popular programming languages \u200b\u200bin 2018. We tell you which languages \u200b\u200bare included in the top 10, in what area they are used and what tasks they perform. Let's figure out which programming language to learn in 2018. Go for it!
You can code everything in Perl - from desktop programs and servers in telecoms to antediluvian sites. The open source language is even found in router firmware and many commercial products. Often used in web development and bioinformatics. But Perl is losing ground - Python came to bioinformatics, and websites write more in Java. In general, not the most promising language to learn.
9. PHP
PHP is widely used thanks to WordPress. 80% of sites with traffic over 10 million users use PHP. PHP has no strict rules for how to write code, and it is also flexible in solving problems. PHP is a great choice for web developers as it is a server-side scripting language for WordPress.
Knowledge of PHP for a web developer is a big plus in a resume because it allows you to create beautiful dynamic websites. You can use PHP for various web projects. It is a fairly simple open source language with good support for many databases, as well as numerous tools and different directions to use.
8.R
First of all, R is a programming language for statistical processing of data and working with graphics, but at the same time it is a free open source software environment that can be found in any Linux distribution.
R is used wherever you need to work with data: in statistics, "primary" analysis (graphs, contingency tables) and mathematical modeling.
// Index of the popularity of programming languages \u200b\u200baccording to TIOBE research
7. Visual Basic.NET
Just think, they even write something on it. It is considered a copy of C / C # - it solves the same tasks, the syntax is a little simpler. Nobody advises to study it if you want to develop in the direction of software or application development. But apparently, the age of fintech and all these "blockchains" made itself felt, because in the banking industry VBN is a real musthave.
6. JavaScript
According to statistics from Stackoverflow (Stack Overflow Developer Survey), JavaScript has become the most used programming language in the world. It provides the ability to create interactive sites and is one of the main web technologies along with HTML and CSS, since most browsers use JS.
JavaScript is a great language to start off your web development journey. Suitable for creating interactive sites on the Internet. Recently, JavaScript has expanded, and now you can write mobile applications, games, and desktop applications on it. This definitely influenced the popularity of the language.
5. C #
A general-purpose multiparadigm programming language developed by Microsoft for building applications on its own platform. C # is object oriented and is used to develop applications on the .NET frameworks. If you plan to develop in creating native applications for MS - C # will help you.
And in developing games on Unity, you can't do without C # at all, infa weaving.
A cool plus of the language is its simplicity, it is more like English than others. C # allows you to focus on the algorithm rather than the implementation details, because the complex constructs in it are wrapped in abstraction.
You can write anything in C #: web services, mobile software, server applications, and so on. And while experts argue that demand for C # is falling, Xamarin refutes these claims, it turns out that the platform makes it easier to create apps for Android and iOS.
Great language for beginners - easy to understand and use. Schools with a focus on programming for children have long introduced Python into the curriculum instead of the outdated Pascal.
Python has several uses: statistical computing, neural networks and machine learning, and even web development (Django). This language has overgrown with a sufficient number of libraries focused on neural networks, unlike Ruby.
High-quality frameworks, lots of training materials, friendly community, ease of coding: all this makes Python a promising and competitive language.
Invented in 1983 as an alternative to C, and became popular. Its main feature is its predefined classes. Microsoft Windows, Google Chrome, Adobe, Amazon - projects you are familiar with, created in C ++. This language is still in demand by employers because it has a powerful toolkit and can be adapted in various fields.
Finance, games, communications, electronic payment systems, retail - knowledge of C ++ allows you to write games and complex commercial systems along with simple applications.
TOP 10 most popular programming languages \u200b\u200bin the world
Created in 1972 to enable programmers to write on the UNIX operating system, it is still alive and well. C refers to low-level languages \u200b\u200band works at the "machine level", which speeds up the processing of information and allows you to write code for "hardware" (microcontrollers, processors). It works on almost all computing platforms. Dropbox, eBay, and Spotify all use C programming, and the entire Linux OS is written entirely in C.
1. Java
A practical and promising programming language for learning. 90% of Fortune companies use Java to develop backend and desktop applications. Prized for being cross-platform thanks to the JVM.
Java works on the principles of object-oriented programming and is used to create server applications and mobile software. It is also actively used for writing native applications for Android. Java is popular among developers, although there is a possibility that mobile applications will be written more in Kotlin.
Together with the TIOBE Index for January 2018, a GitHub study PYPL PopularitY of Programming Language was released. According to GitHub, the top five are Java, Python, PHP, JS and C #. The results of the two studies are very different, but at least in one they agree - the top ten most popular languages \u200b\u200bare led by Java. Juhuh!
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In the modern world, everything is connected with computers, smart technology and machines, but not everyone thinks about how it works? Any technique has its own program, its own goals and tasks, and all this is done by people. So what is the most popular programming language in the world? Which one should you choose to study so as not to miscalculate? In this article, you will learn which programming languages \u200b\u200byou should pay attention to and in what area it is applied.
10th place: Objective-C
Every person is already familiar with Apple's technology, many have chosen this particular company, with a good reputation and an excellent PR company. But if you decide to look a little further and try to write an application for iOS yourself, then Objective-C is exactly what you need. Although, now everyone is switching to Swift, which is not so popular due to the fact that it is very young, but it was created by Apple, it is more convenient and dynamic, and soon, all new applications and games are made on it. Therefore, most likely, in 2016, it makes no sense to start learning Objective-C.
9th place: Ruby
Another of the most popular programming languages, used by a huge number of people, and for good reason. It will be simply irreplaceable if you decide to launch a new web application or you have a new idea and want to implement it. Ruby at your service. Despite its enormous power, this language is quite simple and straightforward. Also, its great advantage is that many popular applications around the world are written in it.
8th place: SQL
It is used to manage and modify data in an arbitrary relational database governed by a corresponding database management system. With this programming language, you can easily find the information you need, and most importantly, make it a reliable method.
7th place: C
Despite the fact that the C language appeared in 1972, it remains relevant to this day. It was he who became the basis for the development of such programming languages \u200b\u200bas C ++, C #, Java, D. Its main advantages are: compactness, speed and power. It is used to create system and application software.
6th place: Python
It is a general purpose, high-level programming language. It can fulfill almost any of your wishes, whether it will be data analysis and verification, or applications, or any statistics, Python will help with all this. More recently, programmers have come to agree that it can be used to process very large amounts of data, and the great advantage is that it is suitable for a wide variety of industries.
5th place: C ++
It appeared in 1983, just like C is intended for general use. It can be used in areas such as: the creation of operating systems, for hardware acceleration functions, mobile devices, as well as for games. If you need a large amount of memory for work, then you can safely use the services of the C ++ language.
4th place: PHP
If you decide to create a web application, then most likely you need PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor). One of the leaders for creating dynamic websites. Currently, a large number of sites have been created in PHP that focus on a large amount of data. It is also at the heart of content management systems such as WordPress, Joomla, Bitrix, Prestashop, etc.
3rd place: C #
It was developed in 2001 by Microsoft as an application development language for the Microsoft .NET Framework. It is one of the primary languages \u200b\u200bfor developing the Unity game engine.
2nd place: JavaScript
A relatively young programming language, appeared in 1995. Not one web page creator can do without it; it is used in browsers as a scripting language to create site interactivity. The biggest advantage of the language is that it is easy to learn and even if you are not a programmer, with a little patience you will be able to figure it out, at least at the initial stages. It has a specific difference from other languages, not a single company speaks it, it is, so to speak, in free swimming.
1st place: Java
In 1st place is Java. It is the most popular programming language. It is he who today is the leader among programmers for the backend development of modern web applications. If you are looking to create a scalable mobile application for Android, be it a smartphone or tablet, then there is nothing better than Java. It has such features as: automatic memory management, a wide range of I / O filtering tools, simple tools for creating network applications, and much more. Also, the language can run on any Java machine, regardless of the computer architecture.
If you want to try yourself in Java, then CodeGush is the best service to get started. Here, in the form of a quest and a game, you can master the language at a basic level, and then, if you wish, continue your studies to a level that will help you get a job. The material is presented very easily, there are hundreds of practical tasks and an interesting presentation in the form of an RPG game with pumping levels and abilities.
By the way, there are companies that collect this data and post reports. For example, here is the ranking of the most popular programming languages \u200b\u200bfrom RedMonk for 2015, which is based on the analysis of activity results both on GitHub and on StackOverflow:
Also, a similar analysis was carried out by the GitHut company, in which javascript was in the first place:
Thus, as you can see, java and javascript are considered the most popular programming languages. They share first place. What programming languages \u200b\u200bdo you speak? Or maybe you are just going to study? Please write in the comments.
By the way, in one of our articles we have collected. Very entertaining and useful entertainment for children can turn out if you give them half an hour)
13/01/2016 22/11/2019 TanyaVU 8935
With the beginning of the new year, it is quite natural for each of us to start thinking about our future and career options. Our site has been annually publishing a rating of the most popular programming languages \u200b\u200bfor several years.
Note that the TIOBE rating does not at all judge the quality or universality for learning a programming language, the main criterion for selecting an index is the number of search queries for each specific language. That is, the more one or another programming language is searched through the world's most popular search engines (Google, Yahoo !, Baidu, Wikipedia, YouTube), the higher it will be in the ranking.
- Python
- VisualBasic.NET
- JavaScript
- Delphi / Object Pascal
- Assembly
- Visual basic
- Swift
- Objective-C
- Groovy
- MATLAB
- PL / SQL
Now let's dwell on the 10 most interesting programming languages, in our opinion. Note that in our top ten there are two languages \u200b\u200bnot included in the TOP10 TIOBE: Objective-C and SQL. The first, Objective-C, did not make it to the TOP 10 only because some of the search queries were taken over by the new "Apple" programming language Swift. The second, SQL, we decided to include because of its importance, since it is thanks to it that the interaction of a person and databases occurs, without which it is impossible to imagine the existence of a modern website today.
Java
Difficulty: 3/5
About language: First, let's note that Java is not a sort of coffee, but the name of a programming language that has been actively used since the 90s of the last century. Despite the fact that this language is open, i.e. anyone can freely use it, currently owned and supported by Oracle Corporation. Java was developed as a programming language that will be used on any device, as a result, programs are written in this language for computers, smartphones and even TVs with SMART-TV technology.
Why should I teach him: Java is one of the most popular programming languages. Both large and small businesses are full of software written in this language. Therefore, if you have an idea for an innovative business program, Java is quite possibly the most suitable language for this. The same applies to the development of applications for the Android platform, since Java is the main language for writing programs among developers for the Google operating system.
Sample programs: Many popular Android applications such as Angry Birds, Temple Run and Candy Crush Saga are written in Java. The same applies to most of the paid software written for airlines, government and banking institutions.
C
Difficulty: 3/5
About language: A large number of people in the programming community consider the C language to be the "grandfather" of all modern programming languages. There are two reasons for this view. First, the C language was developed in the 70s of the last century, when computers could occupy entire rooms. Secondly, a large number of modern languages, such as Java, C ++ and Python, were created under the influence of the C language. However, despite its venerable age, the C language continues to be actively used, and it will be a long time before this language begins to lose its popularity.
The C language employs a technique that minimizes memory usage as much as possible.
Why should I teach him: Most good programmers know many programming languages. If you also don't want to stop at one language, starting your learning with C is a good idea. As with all things worthwhile, learning C will be difficult for most at first. However, this should not be a limiting factor, since after C, all other modern languages \u200b\u200bsuch as Objective C, C ++, PHP and many others will be much easier for you to learn.
Sample programs: As you probably already realized, C is a very powerful programming language. Because of its power, C is just perfect for when you need to take complete control of the program you are writing. That is why most of today's popular operating systems, such as Windows, OSX and Linux, are written in C. Almost all computerized devices, in whole or in part, use the C language in their work. From microwaves, remote controls and calculators to databases and Shuttle control mechanisms - the C language is so versatile that it is used almost everywhere.
C ++
Difficulty: 5/5
About language: In short, C ++ is still the same C, but only with a wide range of options. While both of these languages \u200b\u200bare viewed as general-purpose programming languages, C is more used in the development of "machine-friendly" software such as operating systems, while C ++ is used for higher-level applications such as accounting programs and video game engines.
Why should I teach him: For large projects like developing a web browser, building a video driver, or writing an algorithm for financial trading, C ++ is the best option. This language has such a quality as object-oriented programming that C is very difficult to maintain. Due to this, for some tasks C ++ is more suitable than C, since it will help to solve the same task in less time.
Sample programs: The engines of most popular computer games today, such as Call of Duty, Halo and FIFA, are written in C ++. Also, large animation studios like Pixar, Disney and DreamWorks use C ++ to some extent in their animation software. Because of its reliability and speed, C ++ is also used to develop proprietary high frequency trading algorithms that allow Wall Street firms to sell thousands of shares in a fraction of a second.
C #
Difficulty: 3/5
About language: C # was developed in the early 2000s as a general-purpose language for Microsoft products. C # can be used both for developing standard Windows applications and for server-side web applications. This language is part of the so-called "Microsoft" family .NET, which includes a number of other languages, which are sometimes combined with C # when developing large projects.
Why should I teach him: If you want to create applications for Windows platform or are interested in creating a website that will run on a Windows server, then learning C # is a great choice. Despite the fact that this language is not as popular as PHP or Java, C # has shown an increase in demand every year since its inception.
Sample programs: Since C # was developed by Microsoft for its products, it is reasonable to assume that web applications such as Bing and MSN use this language. In addition, C # is used to write programs for smartphones running on the Windows Phone platform.
Python
Difficulty: 1/5
About language: Python is a general-purpose programming language that appeared in the 90s of the last century. The main distinguishing feature of this language is its incredible readability, which makes Python ideal for beginners. Although relatively easy to learn, you can do some pretty cool things with Python, including web development, 3D rendering, and scientific computing.
Why should I teach him: You should definitely try learning Python if you want to jump straight into programming with ease. Unlike low-level languages \u200b\u200bsuch as C and Java, you will spend relatively less time learning Python. That is why many people now consider Python to be the most suitable programming language for beginners.
Sample programs: Instagram, YouTube and Reddit are prime examples of what Python is capable of. Note that as the popularity of these services increased, so did the number of technologies used in them, however, despite this, Python continues to play a key role in launching these sites.
PHP
Difficulty: 2/5
About language: PHP is another cousin of C. It is even written in C. As a result, PHP inherits some of the power of its older ancestor. Languages \u200b\u200blike C are used for low-level development, while PHP is built for building web applications like Facebook.
Why should I teach him: If you've come up with an idea for a new website, languages \u200b\u200blike PHP are much more practical and versatile than C or C ++. Moreover, if you are new to programming but want to learn how to build web applications as quickly as possible, PHP is without a doubt a great start.
Sample programsPHP is used on over two hundred million websites around the world, which speaks volumes for its popularity. What's more, the popular WordPress engine - powered by millions of blogs, news portals, online stores and more - is written entirely in PHP.
JavaScript
Difficulty: 2/5
About language: People who are just getting acquainted with programming languages \u200b\u200boften do not know that there is any difference between Java and JavaScript. This language was originally called ECMAScript, but due to the then growing popularity of the Java language, the creators of JavaScript decided to rename their brainchild in order to attract as many people as possible. Note that with the exception of the name, both languages \u200b\u200bhave very little in common.
Why should I teach him: If you are interested in front-end web design, then you should definitely learn JavaScript. This language is used to give interactivity to web pages. Without JavaScript, pages look lifeless, while with it you can figuratively "animate" the pages by adding animation, and improving its overall (site) manageability through the web interface. Despite the fact that in most cases JavaScript is used for front-end development, thanks to frameworks like Node.js, you can create back-end applications as well.
Sample programs: JavaScript is used by 88% of websites worldwide. When you find out the number of websites working today all over the world, you will understand that 88% is very, very much. Be aware that when you enter a web page you see a dropdown menu, hover effects, and other animations - be aware that JavaScript is used here.
Ruby
Difficulty: 2/5
About language: Ruby (like Python) is a lightweight yet powerful programming language. Note that although Ruby appeared around the same time as Python, it was not very popular until after its Rails framework was developed. A framework in computer programming means an addition to a language that greatly simplifies or accelerates application development. The Rails framework has made web development incredibly intuitive.
Why should I teach him: As we wrote above, Ruby is very similar to Python. At the same time, the Ruby language has a coding style that not all programmers like, which automatically makes it less attractive compared to Python. However, do not be prematurely scared, because as one of the Ruby developers noted, each programmer has his own special understanding of the attractiveness of the coding style, so if one programmer prefers Python to Ruby, then another may, on the contrary, choose Ruby instead of Python.
Sample programsMetasploit and Twitter, two completely different applications, are developed using the Ruby language. Metasploit is one of the most popular information security programs used by tens of thousands of individuals and private companies to protect their data. Twitter is an internationally renowned microblogging site that was written using Ruby and its Rails framework.
SQL
Difficulty: 3/5
About language: SQL is a special-purpose programming language. Special purpose languages, as the name suggests, are used for special purposes, as opposed to general purpose languages \u200b\u200bthat we have talked about so far. SQL was designed to make it easier to work with information stored in a database.
Why should I teach him: If you want to manage information stored in databases, you should definitely learn SQL. Note that this language has many dialects, but as soon as you become well versed in one of them, it will not be difficult for you to understand and learn others.
Sample programs: Systems such as MySQL, Oracle and PostgreSQL are used to work with information stored in the databases of hospitals, companies, government and banking institutions. "Communication" between the aforementioned programs and databases takes place exactly in the SQL language.
Objective-C
Difficulty: 3/5
About language: Objective-C can be considered a C # language in the OSX and iOS world. Apple introduced Objective-C in the 80s of the last century, when the company was just on its way to becoming. Since then, Objective-C has become the de facto programming language in which all software for Apple devices, including the iPhone and iPod, was written.
Why should I teach him: If you are interested in writing programs for the MacBook, iPhone or iPad, you will definitely have to learn Objective-C. Unlike open source languages \u200b\u200blike C, which you can freely use without any questions, the rights to Objective-C belong to Apple, so when working with this language, you should definitely follow the rules set by its owner.
Sample programs: When you use any Apple device, know all the applications that run on it are written in Objective-C. For example, popular iPhone programs such as Uber, Instagram, and SnapChat rely entirely on Objective-C.
What do you think is the most popular programming language of 2016? Leave your comments below, it will be very interesting to discuss this topic!
